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bioweb.sungrant.org » Technical » Biomass Resources » Agricultural Resources » New Crops » Rubbers and Resins » Grindelia

Grindelia	Printer Friendly

Grindelia (Grindelia camporum) is a herbaceous perennial, native to the western U.S. (particularly the central valley in California). It produces a diterpene resin (grindelic acid) and other resinous compounds similar to wood rosin and its derivatives. Potential industrial applications include use in adhesives, rubbers, and coatings.   In Arizona, experimental lines (under limited irrigated conditions) have yielded up to 12.5 dry Mg/hectare (5.6 dry tons/acre) with a crude resin content of up to 11% (average of 9.4%). Diterpene resins constitute 65 to 75% of the total crude resin. The highest crude resin yields are found in the flower heads (about 20%) and leaves (about 14%) and the lowest in the stems (about 2%). Trials in Oregon produced biomass yields ranging from 0.75 to 15.5 dry tons/ac (depending on soil type and production practices). Research in South America has investigated Grindelia chiloensis which has a resin content of up to 40% but lower total biomass yields. Grindelia is planted at a density of 80,000 plants/hectare (about 32,500 plants/acre).   Grindelia would most likely be produced in the western U.S. in warm dry areas. Research is focusing on increasing total biomass yields and resin content, and improving agronomic practices.

References
D.A.Ravetta, A.E. Vilela, and D.F. Wassner, 2003, What is the chance for Grindelia becoming a resin crop?, 2003 Association for the Advancement of Industrial Crops Annual Conference on New Crops and New Uses: Solving Problems with Industrial Crops, Portland, OR, October 12-15, 2003. R.J. Roseberg and D.A. Ravetta, 2003, Yield and resin production of Grindelia camporum and G. Chiloensis accessions grown in Patagonia, Argentina and Oregon, USA, 2003 Association for the Advancement of Industrial Crops Annual Conference on New Crops and New Uses: Solving Problems with Industrial Crops, Portland, OR, October 12-15, 2003. Richard J. Roseberg, 1996, Underexploited temperate industrial and fiber crops, In Progress in New Crops, J.Janick (ed.), ASHS Press, Alexandria, VA, pp. 60-84. Stephen P. McLauglin, 1995, Grindelia, New Crop FactSHEET, Purdue University Center for New Crops and Plant Products,  http://newcrop.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/cropfactsheets/jojoba.html.